HY-WYRE TECHNOLOGY

INTRODUCTION
Cars are immensely complicated machine they have two basic elements the internal
combustion engine and mechanical and hydraulic linkages.
But in the Hy-wire car is that it doesn't have either of these two things. Instead of an
engine, it has a fuel cell stack, which powers an electric motor connected to the wheels.
Instead of mechanical and hydraulic linkages, it has a drive by wire system -- a computer
actually operates the components that move the wheels, activate the brakes and so on, and
based on input from an electronic controler
POWER
The "Hy" in Hy-wire stands for hydrogen, the standard fuel for a fuel cell system.
Like batteries, fuel cells have a negatively charged terminal and a positively charged
terminal that propel electrical charge through a circuit connected to each end. They are also
similar to batteries in that they generate electricity from a chemical reaction. But unlike a
battery, you can continually recharge a fuel cell by adding chemical fuel -- in this case,
hydrogen from an onboard storage tank and oxygen from the atmosphere.
The basic idea is to use a catalyst to split a hydrogen molecule (H2) into two H protons
(H+, positively charged single hydrogen atoms) and two electrons (e-). Oxygen on the
cathode (positively charged) side of the fuel cell draws H+ ions from the anode side
through a proton exchange membrane, but blocks the flow of electrons. The electrons
(which have a negative charge) are attracted to the protons (which have a positive charge)
on the other side of the membrane, but they have to move through the electrical circuit to
get there. The moving electrons make up the electrical current that powers the various loads
in the circuit, such as motors and the computer system. On the cathode side of the cell, the
hydrogen, oxygen and free electrons combine to form water (H2O), the system's only
emission product.
One fuel cell only puts out a little bit of power, so you need to combine many cells into a
stack to get much use out of the process. The fuel-cell stack in the Hy-wire is made up of
200 individual cells connected in series, which collectively provide 94 kilowatts of
continuous power and 129 kilowatts at peak power. The compact cell stack (it's about the
size of a PC tower) is kept cool by a conventional radiator system that's powered by the
fuel cells themselves.
CONTROL
The Hy-wire's "brain" is a central computer housed in the middle of the chassis. To
enable full computer control of each of the hy wire car the throttle, brake, and steering
actuation systems were converted to drive-by-wire .NI Compact RIO works as the car
computer, and Compact RIO FPGA modules acquire sensor information and generate
PWM actuator signals based on the control algorithms. It transmits a constant stream of
electronic command signals from the car controller to the central computer . . Compact
RIO Real-Time controllers receive sensor information from the FPGA and record all flight
data, also managing wireless Ethernet communications with the ground control station. The
Compact RIO FPGA receives and sends PWM actuators signals through the NI cRIO-9411
digital input module and the NI cRIO-9474 digital output module, respectively. The system
acquires status parameters such as battery voltage by means of the NI cRIO-9201 analog
input module,as well as feedback signals send from the computer to the controller. All of
these corresponding feedback signals, run through a National Instruments PXI-7344 fouraxis
motion control board This PXI motion control system is just one of three computers
that guide the vehicle. Instead of mirrors we use a dual lens camera for sense the images
infront of the vehicle at any given time .due to
NI PXI -8187, 2.5 GHZ , Pentium 4 m embended to rend the image
SYSTEM PERFORMANCE :
This system delivers DC voltage ranging from 125 to 200 volts, depending on the load in
the circuit. The motor controller boosts this up to 250 to 380 volts and converts it to AC
current to drive the three-phase electric motor that rotates the wheels .C
The electric motor's job is to apply torque to the front wheel axle to spin the two front
wheels. The control unit varies the speed of the car by increasing or decreasing the power
applied to the motor. When the controller applies maximum power from the fuel-cell stack,
the motor's rotor spins at 12,000 revolutions per minute, delivering a torque of 159 poundfeet.
A single-stage planetary gear, with a ratio of 8.67:1, steps up the torque to apply a
maximum of 1,375 pound-feet to each wheel. That's enough torque to move the 4,200-
pound (1,905-kg) car 100 miles per hour (161 kph) on a level road. Smaller electric motors
maneuver the wheels to steer the car, and electrically controlled brake calipers bring the car
to a stop.
CONCLUSION
The hywire technology car developed is highly flexible and reliable .while using the NI
hardware development platform – fast development, robustness, ease of use, a quick
learning curve, and good maintainability served the project . In future we will implement
the software& hard ware for improving the system .
The major problem in automobile manufacturing industries are
• Pollution
• Efficiency
• Heat dissipation
• Fuel consumption
Pollution
The combustion engine emits CO2 , CO, NO2 and other hazardous gases but ,the
concept car only emits H2O
Efficiency
The efficiency of this car is 30% more then other cars .
Heat dissipation
The combustion engine emits 125*c heat to atmosphere .but the car emits only
85*c . so the wear & tear losses may be reduced
Fuel consumption
Nowadays the petroleum by products &Electricity are getting reduced .so in
this car we using H2